Poly Aluminum Chloride
Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) Industrial Grade is a high-performance, inorganic polymer coagulant with the general formula [Al₂(OH)ₙCl₆₋ₙ]ₘ. It is one of the most widely used and effective water treatment chemicals globally, characterized by its high basicity and the presence of highly charged polymeric aluminum species.
Its primary function is to coagulate and flocculate suspended solids, turbidity, organic matter, and fine particles in raw water and industrial wastewater, facilitating rapid separation and sedimentation. The industrial grade provides a cost-effective solution for large-scale effluent treatment and process water purification.
Main Function and Characteristics
The primary function is Coagulation and Flocculation. PAC neutralizes the negative surface charge of contaminants, causing them to aggregate into large, settleable flocs.
| CHARACTERISTIC | VALUE RANGE | PRIMARY INDUSTRIAL FUNCTION |
|---|---|---|
| Form | Liquid (Solution) or Solid (Powder) | Liquid is common for ease of dosing; powder for shipping/storage. |
| Al₂O₃ Content | ~10% to 30% | The active aluminum content determines coagulation strength. |
| Basicity (OH/Al Ratio) | 40% to 90% | Higher basicity means lower pH impact and better performance. |
CLASSIFICATION
- Material Focus: Inorganic Polymer Coagulant
- Primary Application Focus: Polynuclear Aluminum Hydroxide
- Applications: Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Process Water Clarification, Sludge Dewatering
Poly Aluminum Chloride
1. The Coagulation Mechanism
PAC is a highly advanced coagulant that outperforms traditional aluminum sulfate (alum) due to its pre-polymerized structure:
- Charge Neutralization: When PAC is introduced to water, the high concentration of pre-formed, positively charged polynuclear aluminum species (like Al₁₃) rapidly adsorbs onto the surface of negatively charged colloidal particles (turbidity, clay, organic matter). This neutralizes the electrostatic repulsion between particles.
- Flocculation: Once neutralized, the large aluminum polymer chains bridge the smaller particles together, forming large, heavy flocs that settle out quickly under gravity, resulting in a cleaner effluent or process water.
- Basicity Advantage: Because PAC is partially hydrolyzed (contains OH groups, known as its basicity) before addition, it consumes significantly less natural alkalinity from the water than alum. This results in a smaller reduction in the pH of the treated water, minimizing or eliminating the need for subsequent pH correction.
2. Industrial Applications
PAC Industrial Grade is critical for environments where high efficiency and large volume processing are required:
- Industrial Wastewater: Removes suspended solids, heavy metals (through co-precipitation), fats, oils, and greases (FOG) from effluents generated by textile, mining, food processing, and chemical industries.
- Process Water Treatment: Essential for clarifying water used in industrial cooling systems and boilers to prevent scaling and fouling caused by suspended particles and organic load.
- Sludge Dewatering: PAC is sometimes used to condition sewage or industrial sludge prior to dewatering (filtration or centrifugation), as it helps aggregate fine solids, making sludge easier to handle and reducing disposal volume.
- Pulp and Paper: Utilized in the paper industry to control pitch and fix dyes, and to treat massive volumes of process water and wastewater generated.
3. Comparison with Alum
PAC is generally preferred over standard aluminum sulfate (alum) for industrial applications because it:
- Performs better in cold water.
- Has a wider effective pH range.
- Produces smaller quantities of high-density sludge.
- Is less corrosive to dosing equipment than alum due to lower free acidity.
✨ Customization Services
We offer product customization services, allowing you to tailor the appearance, dimensions, or specific markings of items like refractory shapes or bricks. This includes options for incorporating specific geometric requirements to ensure seamless integration into your process systems.
🔬 Sampling for Testing & Validation
Free product samples are available for thorough testing and validation. This allows you to confirm the quality, compatibility, and performance of our materials—such as specific bricks, castables, or raw materials—before committing to a full order.
💡 Expertise in Refractory Solutions
Leverage our deep expertise to receive detailed, application-specific refractory solutions. We move beyond just selling products by providing comprehensive plans that encompass material selection, installation guidance, and performance optimization to maximize the lifespan and efficiency of your high-temperature processes.
Rabatec products are exclusively manufactured in facilities that have achieved rigorous ISO certifications across Quality (ISO 9001), Environmental Management, and Occupational Health & Safety. This commitment ensures every product, from refractory bricks to specialized equipment, meets the highest global benchmarks for performance, sustainability, and workplace safety.
📦 Logistics Excellence: Shipping, Packaging, and Marking
Minimizing Risk: We manage all logistics to minimize handling touchpoints and transit shock. Our carriers are pre-vetted for their experience in transporting heavy, fragile, and sensitive industrial materials.
Traceability: Every shipment includes comprehensive documentation and tracking information, providing end-to-end visibility and ensuring precise delivery coordination for your site.
Protection is Paramount: Our packaging strictly follows industry standards to prevent damage, corner chipping, and moisture absorption—especially critical for materials like Basic Refractory Bricks and Refractory Mortars & Mixes.
Robust Palletization: Products are secured on fumigated, high-strength export pallets (e.g., 1100x950mm or similar sturdy dimensions) using heavy-duty strapping and durable protective wrapping (polyethylene sheeting, cardboard, etc.) to withstand long-distance travel and multiple loadings.
Moisture Control: Sensitive materials are protected with appropriate sealing and, where necessary, desiccants or moisture-vapor proof enclosures to maintain the product's integrity until installation.
Clear Identification: All outer packaging is clearly marked on multiple sides with large, legible text for immediate identification and safe handling.
Full Traceability: Markings include all essential data points: Product Name, Quality Grade, Batch Number, Quantity, Net/Gross Weight, Order Number, and the Final Destination/Construction Area. This ensures every pallet can be accounted for and correctly staged upon arrival.
Safety & Compliance: We adhere to all regulatory requirements for marking, labeling, and placarding—especially for any items classified as Dangerous Goods—to ensure full compliance with international and domestic transport regulations.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Question | Elaborated Answer |
Q: What is the Refractoriness Under Load (RUL) of your refractories? | A: Refractoriness Under Load (RUL) is a critical property that defines the maximum temperature our materials can withstand while under compressive stress before deforming (softening). Since we offer a wide range of materials—from Alumina-Silicate Bricks to high-performance Silicon Carbide Bricks—the RUL varies significantly. For specific product data, please refer to the product data sheet or submit a quote request for the material you are interested in. |
Q: Where are the Rabatec refractories and materials produced? | A: Our products are primarily sourced from specialized manufacturing plants in China. Crucially, these facilities have all undergone rigorous audits and achieved comprehensive ISO certifications (Quality, Environment, and Safety), ensuring that production adheres to the highest global standards for consistency and performance. |
Q: What refractory materials does the company offer? | A: We supply a comprehensive portfolio of advanced refractory solutions, including: Shaped Products: Alumina & Silica Bricks, Basic & Specialized Bricks (e.g., Magnesia), SiC & Structural Ceramics, and Precast Shapes. Monolithic Products: Refractory Castables, Mixes & Mortars. Insulation: Insulation Fibre and High-Performance Insulation Products. |
Q: How should I choose the appropriate refractory material for my application? | A: Selecting the correct refractory is paramount to process efficiency. The choice depends on three key factors: 1. Operating Environment: Maximum process temperature and thermal cycling (shock). 2. Chemical Attack: Type of slag, molten metal, or corrosive gas being handled (acidic, neutral, or basic). 3. Mechanical Stress: Abrasion, erosion, and static load requirements. We recommend utilizing our detailed refractory solutions service to consult with our engineers for an optimized, application-specific recommendation. |
Q: Which monolithic material should I choose when patching an existing lining? | A: For patching and minor repairs, the ideal monolithic material depends on the parent lining material, the patching depth, and the need for a rapid return to service. Common choices include: Refractory Mortars & Mixes (for minor joints/surfaces) or Plastic Refractories (for areas requiring physical compaction). Always choose a patch material chemically compatible with the existing lining to ensure proper bonding and service life. |
Q: Can I receive product samples before placing a major order? | A: Yes. We gladly provide product samples for your internal testing and validation purposes. This ensures you can confirm the quality, composition, and fit of the material—such as our Refractory Castables or Alumina-Silicate Bricks—in your specific operational environment before committing to a bulk purchase. |
Q: Do you provide certifications to verify material quality? | A: Absolutely. We provide product-related inspection certificates and quality assurance documentation upon request. This verifies that your order has passed all internal quality control checks and meets the required material specifications and industry standards. |
Q: What measures are taken for product protection during transport? | A: We ensure quick, reliable transport by using robust, industrial packaging that strictly follows industry standards. This includes high-strength palletization, heavy-duty strapping, and weather-resistant wrapping to protect fragile items like bricks and mixes from corner chipping, mechanical damage, and moisture during transit. |
